Technological Opportunities and Solar Energy, to Contribute to Sustainable Development of Mexico

Table of contents

1. I.

2. Introduction

3. OW DOES THE TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE FIELD OF SOLAR TECHNOLOGY CREATES OPPORTUNITIES AND SOCIAL BENEFIT AS WELL AS BEING RESPECTFUL OF THE ENVIRONMENT?

Take advantages of the technological development of solar energy and hybrid systems for identifying strategic opportunities socially beneficial and kind to the environment.

It is vital to incorporate clean energy systems, as there are also very bad international experiences in use of nuclear energy, as in the case of Chernobyl Russia in 1986, one of the factors to keep in mind is that the oil reserves will run out experts say, in fifty years [11].

Renewable energies are consistent with the concept of sustainable development as integral process that requires different society actors commitments and responsibilities in implementing the economic model, political, environmental and social, as well as consumption patterns that determine the quality of life. With respect to social problems with fossil fuels, the United States imports oil from different countries, so that its influence is global, both in the real economy and financial markets. On the supply side, oil-producing countries are in conflict zones and unstable, so registering a negative impact on the international financial markets. The difficulty of projecting oil prices, uncertainty in the estimation of future prices is one of the main points of the Agenda (international energy) despite the perceived high price insensitivity filing the lawsuit. On the other hand, specifically the United States seeks an increase in research investment in clean energy technologies [11].

Also, the projection, peak oil (Hubbert Peak) where the oil is in decline, that is will end, and that combustion is a cause of environmental degradation [18].

Within the global energy aspect there is a factor that must be considered, as is the issue of the effects of CO2 emissions than producing global warming impacting climate change, on the other hand, the intensive use of fuels derived oil called fossil fuels contributes significantly to irreversible climate change, here are some reasons why it is necessary to analyze and promote changes on the use of various types of energy, noting its benefits and drawbacks to the socioeconomic environment, but especially considering the environmental implications they bring to our planet, Earth, polluting energy use, currently reliance regarding the use of fossil fuels has created primarily two types of concerns in society: first, the environmental impacts associated their use and their impact on climate change, the country strategies regarding alternative energy and economic kind, should be based on a thorough assessment of these opportunities and costs in the medium and long term.

One factor to consider is that the oil reserves will run out, according to experts, in fifty years, this research is reviewed as using solar energy in conjunction with other energy sources (hybrid systems), to support minimize consumption of fossil fuels. Furthermore, the use of natural resources is of vital importance not only to prevent further contamination, if not for savings in the pockets of the Mexicans, they really need a better economy is one of the steps to becoming a developed country.

Furthermore looking for new ways to create and develop new business clusters aimed at environmental conservation.

We must put aside these proposals in the details of social problems that this will cause, because they do not appear in the first instance to the gas station owners and those who hold interests in oil rather than caring for the environment, that is another subject to be treated separately, this strategy includes proposals for technological innovation and cluster development.

4. a) Justification

Why solar energy? The sun is available worldwide, only in Mexico the average energy delivered by the sun is 2000 kW/m2 per year., With the passage of time the technologies enable better use of resources, and photovoltaic systems now allow get only 30% of the solar energy for electricity.

The use of solar energy systems in rural areas, and contingency areas have a high impact social benefit, for example, can electrify remote island with a type system, that is using photovoltaic panels, inverters and battery bank virtually anywhere there is sun, and in the case of Mexico, the sun is present all year. You can have benefits of large scale, in the case of this article, we will discuss two major social problems, such as: 1. The use of fossil fuels for transportation and its replacement with photovoltaic systems. 2. How with the solar energy is possible to produce purified water in contingency zones and helping in rural areas to meet the need of the vital liquid for survive.

Considering the definition of Michael Porter in his article, What Is Strategy?, considers the strategy as the creation of a unique and valuable position, involving different activities, hence we consider that the use of technological opportunities leads to strategic business. Therefore, if a resource such as solar energy, not being maximized, and technological opportunities are available, they can gain a competitive advantage that would position in strategic businesses.

Many strategic business opportunities that can arise from technological opportunities through the use of renewable energies, can be exploited with the blue ocean strategy.

Although long ignored seems that the potential of micropower, new markets and new manufacturing capabilities are helping to make solar PV systems in a global industry. Beyond political and financial interests, provides a sustainable use of technological interest.

This research will consider a solution for harnessing solar energy to be used in cars in Mexico, and propose new business alternatives based on Blue Ocean Strategy be proposed hybrid systems using photovoltaic batteries to recharge electric cars or hybrids 100% in Mexico to minimize the problem of polluting emissions and maximize solar energy using systems based on this combined between current energies, combined with photovoltaic cells.

All of this to determine and propose the use of these systems based on technical and economic feasibility.

5. II.

6. State of the art a) Current situation

The solar photovoltaic systems currently represent a potential source of renewable energy, considering the volatility of international oil prices, and oil-producing countries are in conflict zones and unstable; represent a negative impact on international financial markets R & D: both developed and developing countries should pay attention to the benefits associated with research and development, adopt new technologies, which results in improved environmental heritage and allows monetize [10] Let us see how is the current global landscape in solar energy Affordable commercial PV systems current top performers are averaging 7m2 (monocrystalline silicon) for each 1 KW peak, ie peak 0.142KW/m2, per day on average. The sun is the source of renewable energy that covers a large part of the planet, so it is a source of great potential today.

One the needs of people in the event of contingencies is to take water to survive, but if this water is contaminated, is dangerous and can cause health problems very strong, so it should consume treated water,in such cases, so in this article a recommendation to use solar energy to purify water, and to support these emergency situations, including the recommendation is also used in rural areas currently without electricity to the national grid , where electric power can also be obtained from the sun.

There are various designs of water purification plants. Among them is the process of reverse osmosis purification process germicidal UV, ion exchange process for silver.

However the pure reverse osmosis process is not recommended because it removes all solids including salts that the body requires, so we recommend a water purification plant consists of traditional sand filters, activated carbon filter 5 microns, ultraviolet lamp, and ozone. As shown following In the case of transport, towards replacing fossil energy with renewable energy we have:

The world is facing a huge global campaign, which aims to incorporate the quickest energy solutions based on renewable sources. [2] Various designers and automakers with energy saving strategies. Among them is its strategy VW Think Blue, developing hybrid cars.

Renault with its strategy called ZE (zero emissions) They choose to make clean energy research using photovoltaics, since the sun is a renewable resource that is not being exploited Mexico efficiently to meet important needs, especially for the case of basic needs such as water purification, traditional methods currently used power supply and remote contingency zones, such as gasoline plants using such systems for energizing.

Even

7. Besides the use of solar energy systems in rural areas, and contingency areas have a high impact social benefit

There is a strategic model of the process of developing and exploiting technological opportunities based on evidence of cases where explained as the result from the different activities carried out in the area of the university, such as research results, transfer agreements technology (or combination of both), academic and specialized services, are potential sources of technological opportunities. [15] The degree of technological opportunity at maturity is reached the desired value correlation and ability to create value in addition to a technological opportunity is not a high risk, and that in turn is obvious in its benefits.

An idea can subsequently using creativity can become a technological opportunity. The exploitation of technological opportunity in perception-ability to create value from a market need from unemployed resources or underemployed, this leads to the opportunity to create a business idea.

8. III.

9. Methodology

In the case of the photovoltaic system technical basis for the study, to use this system in many applications, in this case it is recommended to water purification and photovoltaic electric mobility.

The methodology used to develop research methods developed in simulation [9]; conducting a process of combining information from the NASA database and calculating between simulation programs of German origin, Homer and Insel respectively, analysis information (variables) and results in order to present an overview of the research topic. (basis is taken from a photovoltaic system of 1 Kilowatt peak (unit is a measure for the study), and an example is simulated in Puebla Mexico, as a case study, however for each The methodology for this research done can be summarized in the following points: 1. Uptake and research of solar resource data, photovoltaic system definition as well as electricity demand parameters to be used according to the size of the water purification system. 2. Simulation software system Insel and Homer (annual solar power complete system behavior and system including batteries) The contribution of this paper is how to recharge using a PV process and exchange of batteries, similar to a process used water large bottles in Mexico. This oriented blue ocean strategy [1] can create a new business opportunity-constructive innovation, strategic projection-based strategy toolbox / prospective planning.

This partially replace some of the stations, looking at it from the point of view as a strategic planning and foresight in the diamond of Michael Porter as a factor for gasoline threat of new entrants, and from the point of view of technological innovation as products substitutes.

10. Proposal b) adequate point of view of authors;

Note: This issue was set out in proposed electromobility forum in Berlin, Germany [6], but only plan to use in specialized designs for this application, so the contribution of authors is to apply the concept to even current and electric cars hybrids forthcoming entry. Recommendations: (Use in Photovoltaic electromobility)

In the case of public transport in the cities of Mexico, it is recommended to implement the proposal 1, because the change is too fast replacing batteries charged by renewable energy systems for batteries, so efficient changeover time.

In this case you can not use public transport proposal 2 and 3 because the routes are minor and can be recharged while the car was stationary.

For rural zones are also recommended implementation proposals for resolving even the current

11. General conclusions

This needs-based, there is a photovoltaic system that can be used to meet different needs of vital importance, such as transport (Electromobility photovoltaic), purified water obtained by electricity from solar power, you can even follow a study later that can raise water heating and cooking with the same energy system proposed.

Figure 1. H(
UPAEP). Student of PhD in Economic Development and Sectoral strategic. 21 Sur 1103 Col. Santiago, 72160. Puebla, Mexico. Luis Barrera Aguilar ? , Dr. José Pablo Nuño De La Parra ? , Dr. José Alfredo López De Cosio ? , Horacio Lima Gutierrez ? , Dr. Maria Evelinda Santiago Jimenez ¥ & Dr. Hector Montiel Campos § Volume XII Issue XI Version I Solar Energy, to Contribute to Sustainable Development of Mexico
Figure 2. Figure 1 :
1Figure 1 : Average solar radiation calculated on the basis of 24 hours per day, and considering the clouds (NASA Data 2012)
Figure 3. Figure 2 :
2Figure 2 : Standard equipment water purification
Figure 4.
Nissan USA introduces the 100% electric cars in 2012, with its model 100% electric Nissan Leaf In Mexico there is now a brand marketed since 2010 Zilent of Mexico The 100% electric Nissan LEAF will enter the Mexican market in 2013. b) Current technology electric cars It is based on cars occupy occupy moved with electric motors and a battery system for mobility [21], see diagram 1 Diagram 3 : Electroauto c) Current technology hybrid cars Are those cars still manage internal combustion engine combined with an electric motor for speeds averaging 50 km / hr. After that internal combustion engine used Source IAA Frankfurt am Main [20], see diagram 4. Diagram 4 : Hybrid Cars Plug in.-System is a system based on connection to an AC outlet, it is designed for electric cars can recharge battery during parking, see diagram 13
Figure 5.
calculated with GPS data of each place to investigate.
Figure 6. 3. Analysis of information 4 .
4Results and recommendations concludes proposals for implementation in Mexico IV. Definition of resources, energy and systems to simulate a) Resources to simulate solar site as exemplified case (City of Puebla in Mexico) Data are obtained through NASA database, from global position (GPS)
Figure 7. Diagram 5 :Diagram 6 : 8 :
568Photovoltaic system mounted in one transport to meet demands in different areas, even in emergency zones, contingency, including support for victims, in this case required the purification system type photovoltaic Island.
Figure 8. 5 Diagram 13 :
513Solar Energy, to Contribute to Sustainable Development of Mexico charger controller that distributes load DC batteries.), See Figure System load electro cars, photovoltaic Island type (Proposal) Proposal number three hybrid system load. (more photovoltaic wind) Proposal for battery charging stations of electric hybrid systems based automotive charging, photovoltaic panels and wind systems, which can be used in supermarkets and public places. While this is also based on an idea still in Fraunhofer research in Karlsruhe Germany. For cars specifically for this use, the contribution of authors (Barrera, Nuño), is to use already existing 100% electric cars and hybrids. See diagram 6 Diagram 14 : Proposal C) VIII.
Figure 9.
Solar Energy, to Contribute to Sustainable Development of Mexico disadvantages of logistics fuel, thus can solve this problem. IX.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12. Table 1 :
1
Figure 13. Table 2 :
2
1
2

Appendix A

Appendix A.1

Proposal c) Provide 100% of authors, application in mobile stations, to reach rural areas, remote areas where the cost of automotive mobility is even more expensive and involves logistics of fuels, it is released with natural solar energy, although it is a very efficient solution also helps resover a socioeconomic problem.

In addition to the 100% electric cars, and this includes the cars for example Toyota Hybrids Prius Plug-in)

The filling process is not static photovoltaic proposed by Renault ZE in their strategy, source http://www.renault-ze.com/de-de/home-634.html

The contribution of (Luis Barrera Aguilar recharging is the process by electromobility PV based solar power without requiring that cars have integrated photovoltaic system.

This also oriented blue ocean strategy [1] can create a new business opportunity-constructive innovation, strategic projection-based strategy [8] based on methodology toolbox / prospective planning.

Appendix A.2 See diagram 12

Diagram 12 : Proposal b)

Explanation. -The system is based on load type photovoltaic Island (photovoltaic panels that power a

Appendix B

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Notes
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© 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US)Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology
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© 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US)
Date: 2012-01-15