@incollection{,
	
					
					
					C1C84626F493BD11C5F8E197B4E07C52
				,
	author={{Dr. Abdul SattarKhan} and {Shadiullah} and {Shadiullah} and {Qamarafaq} and {gomal university dera ismaeel khan ..KPK}},
	journal={{Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology}},
	journal={{GJCST}}0975-41720975-435010.34257/gjcst,
	address={Cambridge, United States},
	publisher={Global Journals Organisation}10107483
}

@incollection{b0,
	
	
		,
	title={{Planning for Integrating Teaching Technologies}}
		,
	author={{
			MAaron
		} and {
			DDicks
		} and {
			CIves
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			BMontgomery
		}}
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
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	year={2004. accessed 14 May, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b1,
	
	
		,
	title={{A Review of e-Learning in Canada: A Rough Sketch of the Evidence, Gaps and Promising Directions}}
		,
	author={{
			PCAbrami
		} and {
			RMBernard
		} and {
			AWade
		} and {
			RFSchmid
		} and {
			EBorokhovski
		} and {
			RTamim
		} and {
			MASurkes
		} and {
			GLowerison
		} and {
			DZhang
		} and {
			INicolaidou
		} and {
			SNewman
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			APeretiatkowicz
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	year={1999. May, 2007}
		
	

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@incollection{b3,
	
	
		,
	title={{Business Technology Education in the Early 21st Century: The Ongoing Quest for Relevance}}
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	author={{
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		,
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	year={2006. accessed 3 July, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b4,
	
	
		,
	title={{Towards a Theory of Digital Literacy: Three Scenarios for the Next Steps}}
		,
	author={{
			AAviram
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			Y&eshet-Alkalai
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	year={2006. accessed 11 May, 2007}
		
	
	,
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}

@book{b5,
	
	
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	title={{The impact of ICT on education: the three opposed paradigms, the lacking discourse}}
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	author={{
			RAviram
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			DTami
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			,
	year={2004. July, 2007}
			13
		
	

}

@incollection{b6,
	
	
		,
	title={{Teaching and Learning with the Net Generation}}
		,
	author={{
			KBarnes
		} and {
			RCMarateo
		} and {
			SPFerris
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Innovate Journal of Online Education}}
		
			3
			4
			,
	year={2007. April, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b7,
	
	
		,
	title={{Jordanian EFL students' perceptions of their computer literacy: An exploratory case study}}
		,
	author={{
			RFBataineh
		} and {
			AARahman
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Journal of Education and Development using ICT}}
		
			2
			2
			,
	year={2006}
		
	

}

@incollection{b8,
	
	
		,
	title={{Networked Learning in the Knowledge Economy -A Systemic Challenge for Universities}}
		,
	author={{
			HBaumeister
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		,
	journal={{European Journal of Open}}
		
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	year={2006. accessed 10 April, 2007}
		
	
	,
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}

@incollection{b9,
	
	
		,
	title={{Impact of ICT Revolution on the African Academic Landscape}}
		,
	author={{
			MABeebe
		}}
		
	
	
		,
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				CODESRIA Conference on Electronic Publishing and DisseminationDakar, Senegal. 1 -2
		
			,
	year={2004. September 2004. April, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b10,
	
	
		,
	title={{Action-oriented group learning in the implementation of information technologies: results from three case studies}}
		,
	author={{
			TVBondarouk
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{European Journal of Information Systems}}
		
			15
			10
			
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	year={2006. April, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b11,
	
	
		,
	title={{Stop blaming the teachers: The role of usability testing in bridging the gap between educators and technology}}
		,
	author={{
			JBuzhardt
		} and {
			LPowell
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		,
	journal={{Electronic Journal for the Integration of Technology in Education}}
		
			13
			4
			,
	year={2005. April, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b12,
	
	
		,
	title={{We Want to be Teachers, Not Programmers: In Pursuit of Relevance and Authenticity for Initial Teacher Education Students Studying an Information Technology Subject at an Australian University}}
		,
	author={{
			AChan
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			MJ WLee
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Technology in Education}}
		
			6
			79
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	year={2007. accessed 9 April, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b13,
	
	
		,
	title={{Knowledge Structures of Entering Computer Networking Students and Their Instructors}}
		,
	author={{
			KEDicerbo
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Information Technology Education}}
		
			6
			,
	year={2007. accessed 13 July, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b14,
	
	
		,
	title={{ICT and Lifelong Learning}}
		,
	author={{
			DDinevski
		} and {
			DP
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		,
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			,
	year={2005. accessed 12 April, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b15,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			JJEkstrom
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			SGorka
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			RKamali
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			BLunt
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			JMiller
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			H&reichgelt
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
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	booktitle={{The Information Technology Model Curriculum}}
				
			,
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			5
		
	

}

@incollection{b16,
	
	
		,
	title={{India and the USA: A Comparison through the Lens of Model IT Curricula}}
		,
	author={{
			JEzer
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Information Technology Education}}
		
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			,
	year={2006. accessed 13 July, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b17,
	
	
		,
	title={{Information Technology Literacy: Implications on Teaching and Learning}}
		,
	author={{
			ZEzziane
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Educational Technology & Society}}
		
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			3
			
			,
	year={2007. accessed April 10. 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b18,
	
	
		,
	title={{Perceptions of information and communication technology among undergraduate management students in Barbados}}
		,
	author={{
			GGay
		} and {
			SMahon
		} and {
			DDevonish
		} and {
			PAlleyne
		} and {
			PG&alleyne
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Journal of Education and Development using ICT}}
		
			2
			4
			,
	year={2006. 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b19,
	
	
		,
	title={{Instructional Blogging: Promoting Interactivity, Student-Centered Learning, and Peer Input}}
		,
	author={{
			SGlogoff
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Innovate Journal of Online Education}}
		
			1
			5
			,
	year={2005. June/July. April, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b20,
	
	
		,
	title={{Cognitive Style and Cross Cultural Differences in Internet Use and Computer Attitudes}}
		,
	author={{
			MGraff
		} and {
			JDavies
		} and {
			M&mcnorton
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{European Journal of Open}}
		
			10
			,
	year={2001. April, 2007}
		
	
	,
	note={Distance and E-Learning}

}

@incollection{b21,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Training of Teachers and Trainers: Innovative Practices, Skills and Competencies in the use of eLearning}}
		,
	author={{
			DEGray
		} and {
			MRyan
		} and {
			A&coulon
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
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	,
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}

@book{b22,
	
	
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	title={{ICT as an enabler of socioeconomic development}}
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	author={{
			THameed
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	year={2007. June, 2007}
			24
		
	

}

@incollection{b23,
	
	
		,
	title={{eReforms: PERN, PRR, eLearning, CMS & Digital Library}}
		
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Higher Education Commission}}
				
			,
	year={2008. July, 2007}
			14
		
	

}

@incollection{b24,
	
	
		,
	title={{Impacts of ICT in education. The role of the teacher and teacher training}}
		,
	author={{
			AKJager
		} and {
			AH&lokman
		}}
		
	
	
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	booktitle={{Proceedings of The European Conference on Educational Research}}
				The European Conference on Educational ResearchLahti; Wageningen, The Netherlands
		
			,
	year={1999. Finland 22 -25 September. April 10. 2007}
		
	
	,
	note={Retrieved}

}

@incollection{b25,
	
	
		,
	title={{Improving Computer Literacy of Business Management Majors: A Case Study}}
		,
	author={{
			DWJohnson
		} and {
			KWBartholomew
		} and {
			DMiller
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Information Technology Education}}
		
			5
			,
	year={2006. accessed 14 July, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b26,
	
	
		,
	title={{Digital Democracy in Higher Education Bridging the Digital Divide}}
		,
	author={{
			SJuniu
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Innovate Journal of Online Education}}
		
			2
			1
			,
	year={2005}
		
	

}

@book{b27,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
		,
	author={{
			/October
		} and {
			November
		}}
		
		
		
			,
	year={April, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b28,
	
	
		,
	title={{Instructional Design and eLearning: A Discussion of Pedagogical Content Knowledge as a Missing Construct}}
		,
	author={{
			HKanuka
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{e-Journal of Instructional Science and Technology}}
		
			9
			2
			,
	year={2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b29,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			RKlamma
		} and {
			MAChatti
		} and {
			EDuval
		} and {
			HHummel
		} and {
			EHHvannberg
		} and {
			MKravcik
		} and {
			ELaw
		} and {
			ANaeve
		} and {
			PScott
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Social Software for Lifelong Learning}}
				
			,
	year={2007. 2007}
			10
			
		
	

}

@incollection{b30,
	
	
		,
	title={{Releasing the pedagogical power of information and communication technology for learners: A case study}}
		,
	author={{
			CKnight
		} and {
			BAKnight
		} and {
			D&teghe
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Journal of Education and Development using ICT}}
		
			2
			2
			,
	year={2006. 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b31,
	
	
		,
	title={{Enhancing Teaching with Technology: Are We There Yet?}}
		,
	author={{
			SKopyc
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Innovate Journal of Online Education}}
		
			3
			2
			,
	year={2007. December 2006. January 2007. 10 April, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b32,
	
	
		,
	title={{The future of integration, personalization, and ePortfolio technologies}}
		,
	author={{
			SLacour
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Innovate Journal of Online Education}}
		
			1
			4
			,
	year={2005. April/May. 10 April, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b33,
	
	
		,
	title={{General delegate of ICDE at UNESCO}}
		,
	author={{
			BLoing
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Processing of 9th UNESCO/NGO Collective Consultation on Higher Education}}
				essing of 9th UNESCO/NGO Collective Consultation on Higher Education
		
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			24
			
		
	
	,
	note={ICT and Higher Education}

}

@incollection{b34,
	
	
		,
	title={{Problem Based Management Learning-Better Online?}}
		,
	author={{
			PLuck
		} and {
			BNorton
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{European Journal of Open}}
		
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	year={2005. accessed 10 April, 2007}
		
	
	,
	note={Distance and E-Learning}

}

@incollection{b35,
	
	
		,
	title={{What role can educational multimedia play in narrowing the digital divide?}}
		,
	author={{
			HMacleod
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Journal of Education and Development using ICT}}
		
			4
			1
			,
	year={2005. 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b36,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			NManochehr
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{The Influence of Learning Styles on Learners in E-Learning Environments: An Empirical Study}}
				
			,
	year={2007}
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}

@incollection{b37,
	
	
		,
	title={{A Methodical Formative Evaluation of Computer Literacy Course: What and How to Teach}}
		,
	author={{
			FMartin
		} and {
			Q&dunsworth
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Information Technology Education}}
		
			6
			,
	year={2007. 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b38,
	
	
		,
	title={{Indian Information Technology Industry: Past, Present and Future& A Tool for National Development}}
		,
	author={{
			SKMathur
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology}}
		
			6
			,
	year={2006. October, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b39,
	
	
		,
	title={{Integrating technology into the teaching-learning transaction: Pedagogical and technological perceptions of management faculty}}
		,
	author={{
			PMehra
		} and {
			M
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		,
	journal={{International Journal of Education and Development using ICT}}
		
			3
			1
			,
	year={2007. 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b40,
	
	
		,
	title={{Teaching Social Software with Social Software}}
		,
	author={{
			UMejias
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Innovate Journal of Online Education}}
		
			2
			5
			,
	year={2006. June/July. April, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b41,
	
	
		,
	title={{Get set! e-Ready, ? e-Learn! The e-Readiness of Warehouse Workers}}
		,
	author={{
			HBMoolman
		} and {
			S&blignaut
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}

@book{b42,
	
	
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	title={{The role of ICT in higher education for the 21st century: ICT as a change agent for education}}
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	author={{
			ROliver
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	year={2002. April, 2007}
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}

@incollection{b43,
	
	
		,
	title={{A Case Study of the Relationship Between Socio-Epistemological Teaching Orientations and Instructor Perceptions of Pedagogy in Online Environments}}
		,
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			PPhillips
		} and {
			JWells
		} and {
			PIce
		} and {
			RCurtis
		} and {
			RKennedy
		}}
		
		
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Technology in Education}}
		
			6
			7
			
			,
	year={2008. April, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b44,
	
	
		,
	title={{Using Tablet Technology and Recording Software to Enhance Pedagogy}}
		,
	author={{
			DRadosevich
		} and {
			PKahn
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		,
	journal={{Innovate Journal of Online Education}}
		
			2
			6
			,
	year={2006. Aug/Sep. April, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b45,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Distancing Question in Online Education}}
		,
	author={{
			GRussell
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Innovate Journal of Online Education}}
		
			1
			4
			,
	year={2005. April/May. April, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b46,
	
	
		,
	title={{Beyond utopian and nostalgic views of information technology and education: Implications for research and practice}}
		,
	author={{
			SSahay
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		,
	journal={{Journal of the Association for Information Systems}}
		
			5
			7
			
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@incollection{b47,
	
	
		,
	title={{Integrating Information and Communication Technology in the Classroom: A Comparative Discourse Analysis}}
		,
	author={{
			BSasseville
		}}
		
	
	
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}

@incollection{b48,
	
	
		,
	title={{A Study of Student Attitudes and Performance in an Online Introductory Business Statistics Class}}
		,
	author={{
			SBSchou
		}}
		
	
	
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	journal={{Technology in Education}}
		
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			,
	year={2006. Volume3No1/(accessed 9 April, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b49,
	
	
		,
	title={{New technologies for teaching and learning: Challenges for higher learning institutions in developing countries}}
		,
	author={{
			ASSife
		} and {
			ETLwoga
		} and {
			C&sanga
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
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	journal={{International Journal of Education and Development using ICT}}
		
			3
			1
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	year={2007. 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b50,
	
	
		,
	title={{Information technology in developing a meta-learning environment}}
		,
	author={{
			SSirkemaa
		}}
		
	
	
		,
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}

@incollection{b51,
	
	
		,
	title={{Is Education 1.0 Ready for Web 2.0 Students?}}
		,
	author={{
			JThompson
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Innovate Journal of Online Education}}
		
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			4
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	year={2007. April/May. accessed 22 October, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b52,
	
	
		,
	title={{UNDP"s regional project, the Asia-Pacific Development Information Program (APDIP), in association with the secretariat of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)}}
		,
	author={{
			VLTinio
		}}
		
	
	
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				UNDP for the benefit of participants to the World Summit on the Information Society
		
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	year={2002. July, 2007}
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}

@incollection{b53,
	
	
		,
	title={{Changes required by ICT era are painful sometimes}}
		,
	author={{
			IVrana
		}}
		
	
	
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	booktitle={{Proceedings of CAUSE98, an EDUCAUSE conference}}
				CAUSE98, an EDUCAUSE conference
		
			,
	year={2007. 10 October, 2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b54,
	
	
		,
	title={{MyVLE: A case study in building a universal telematic education environment for a small university}}
		,
	author={{
			TWard
		} and {
			.KMonaghan
		} and {
			R&villing
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
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	journal={{European Journal of Open}}
		
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	year={2006. April, 2007}
		
	
	,
	note={Distance and E-Learning}

}

@incollection{b55,
	
	
		,
	title={{Challenges and opportunities in ICT educational development: A Ugandan case study}}
		,
	author={{
			RWells
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Journal of Education and Development using ICT}}
		
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			2
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}

@incollection{b56,
	
	
		,
	title={{Creating Effective Web-Based Learning Environments: Relevant Research and Practice}}
		,
	author={{
			KWijekumar
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	journal={{Innovate Journal of Online Education}}
		
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}

@book{b57,
	
	
		,
	title={{eLearning}}
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			Wikipedia
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}

@incollection{b58,
	
	
		,
	title={{Investing in ICTs in educational institutions in developing countries: An evaluation of their impact in Kenya}}
		,
	author={{
			PWims
		} and {
			MLawler
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}

@incollection{b59,
	
	
		,
	title={{Scaling Up: From Web-Enhanced Courses to a Web-Enhanced Curriculum}}
		,
	author={{
			REWood
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			1
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}

@incollection{b60,
	
	
		,
	title={{Bridging Theory and Practice: Developing Guidelines to Facilitate the Design of Computer-based Learning Environments}}
		,
	author={{
			LDYoung
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	journal={{Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology}}
		
			29
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}

@incollection{b61,
	
	
		,
	title={{Can Teacher Technology Integration Training Alone Lead to High Levels of Technology Integration? A Qualitative Look at Teachers" Technology Integration after State Mandated Technology Training}}
		,
	author={{
			YZhao
		} and {
			FBryant
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}