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\def\makelabel##1{\upshape ##1}}% } {\end{list}\end{raggedright}} \newenvironment{specHead}[2]% {\vspace{20pt}\hrule\vspace{10pt}% \phantomsection\label{#1}\markright{#2}% \pdfbookmark[2]{#2}{#1}% \hspace{-0.75in}{\bfseries\fontsize{16pt}{18pt}\selectfont#2}% }{} \def\TheFullDate{2014-01-15 (revised: 15 January 2014)} \def\TheID{\makeatother } \def\TheDate{2014-01-15} \title{A Survey on Encryption and Improved Virtualization Security Techniques for Cloud Infrastructure} \author{}\makeatletter \makeatletter \newcommand*{\cleartoleftpage}{% \clearpage \if@twoside \ifodd\c@page \hbox{}\newpage \if@twocolumn \hbox{}\newpage \fi \fi \fi } \makeatother \makeatletter \thispagestyle{empty} \markright{\@title}\markboth{\@title}{\@author} \renewcommand\small{\@setfontsize\small{9pt}{11pt}\abovedisplayskip 8.5\p@ plus3\p@ minus4\p@ \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus2\p@ \belowdisplayshortskip 4\p@ plus2\p@ minus2\p@ \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini \topsep 2\p@ plus1\p@ minus1\p@ \parsep 2\p@ plus\p@ minus\p@ \itemsep 1pt} } \makeatother \fvset{frame=single,numberblanklines=false,xleftmargin=5mm,xrightmargin=5mm} \fancyhf{} \setlength{\headheight}{14pt} \fancyhead[LE]{\bfseries\leftmark} \fancyhead[RO]{\bfseries\rightmark} \fancyfoot[RO]{} \fancyfoot[CO]{\thepage} \fancyfoot[LO]{\TheID} \fancyfoot[LE]{} \fancyfoot[CE]{\thepage} \fancyfoot[RE]{\TheID} \hypersetup{citebordercolor=0.75 0.75 0.75,linkbordercolor=0.75 0.75 0.75,urlbordercolor=0.75 0.75 0.75,bookmarksnumbered=true} \fancypagestyle{plain}{\fancyhead{}\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}} \date{} \usepackage{authblk} \providecommand{\keywords}[1] { \footnotesize \textbf{\textit{Index terms---}} #1 } \usepackage{graphicx,xcolor} \definecolor{GJBlue}{HTML}{273B81} \definecolor{GJLightBlue}{HTML}{0A9DD9} \definecolor{GJMediumGrey}{HTML}{6D6E70} \definecolor{GJLightGrey}{HTML}{929497} \renewenvironment{abstract}{% \setlength{\parindent}{0pt}\raggedright \textcolor{GJMediumGrey}{\rule{\textwidth}{2pt}} \vskip16pt \textcolor{GJBlue}{\large\bfseries\abstractname\space} }{% \vskip8pt \textcolor{GJMediumGrey}{\rule{\textwidth}{2pt}} \vskip16pt } \usepackage[absolute,overlay]{textpos} \makeatother \usepackage{lineno} \linenumbers \begin{document} \author[1]{Koushik Akkinapalli} \author[2]{R. Rajeswara Rao} \affil[1]{ SITAM} \renewcommand\Authands{ and } \date{\small \em Received: 12 December 2013 Accepted: 3 January 2014 Published: 15 January 2014} \maketitle \begin{abstract} Cloud Computing is one of the latest developments in the IT industry which offers on-demand services without requiring to create an IT infrastructure. It provides scalability, high performance and relatively low cost feasible solution for organizations. Despite of all its advantages, security is still a critical challenge in cloud computing paradigm. This paper presents a survey on some possible techniques used for encrypting user data and also providing techniques used in improving virtualization security for the cloud infrastructure. \end{abstract} \keywords{cloud computing, scalability, security, virtualization.} \begin{textblock*}{18cm}(1cm,1cm) % {block width} (coords) \textcolor{GJBlue}{\LARGE Global Journals \LaTeX\ JournalKaleidoscope\texttrademark} \end{textblock*} \begin{textblock*}{18cm}(1.4cm,1.5cm) % {block width} (coords) \textcolor{GJBlue}{\footnotesize \\ Artificial Intelligence formulated this projection for compatibility purposes from the original article published at Global Journals. However, this technology is currently in beta. \emph{Therefore, kindly ignore odd layouts, missed formulae, text, tables, or figures.}} \end{textblock*} \let\tabcellsep& \section[{Introduction}]{Introduction}\par loud Computing is an upcoming model which provides on-demand access to the resources provided on the network for different users accessing the service from the cloud in an efficient manner {\ref [1]}.The main advantages of cloud computing are providing increased scalability, providing cost effective services to users, customization of applications in an efficient manner, providing better storage space for users etc \hyperref[b1]{[2,}\hyperref[b4]{12]}.\par The different service models provided by the cloud are Software as a Service (Saas), Platform as a service (Paas), Infrastructure as a service (Iaas). In Saas model CSP(cloud service provider) provides the capability of controlling the applications running on the cloud. The benefits of this model are providing better administration, compatibility, collaboration among different users. In Paas model, CSP provides an infrastructure for deploying the applications which have been developed using programming languages that are specified. The benefits of this model are costs can be reduced and up gradation of different services can be done in an optimized manner. In Iaas model, CSP provides the necessary resources for deploying the consumers systems and applications. The benefits of this model are different administrative tasks can be automated in an optimized manner and better services based on policies [1, \hyperref[b2]{3,}\hyperref[b5]{13]}.\par There are several deployment models which are emerged as cloud came into existence. A The features of an ABE are listed below ? providing confidentiality for user's data.\par ? providing fine-grained access control for the user's data. \section[{b) Homomorphic Encryption}]{b) Homomorphic Encryption}\par It is promising research area and also cryptographic technique where complex mathematical computations are performed on encrypted data without decrypting them using user's private key. The different steps in performing Homomorphic encryption is summarized below where + and * denotes two algebraic operations.\par ? Let rÑ?"M be prime number chosen from M which is large and also taken as a secret key. ? Let p and q be two arbitrary integers with (p,q)