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\title{The Concept and Development of far Distance Teaching and the Electronic Learning Analyse}
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             \author[1]{Dr. Omar Al  Zoubi}

             \author[2]{Bilal  Alzoubi}

             \affil[1]{  Taibah University}

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\date{\small \em Received: 14 April 2011 Accepted: 10 May 2011 Published: 23 May 2011}

\maketitle


\begin{abstract}
        


The express on learning of far distance is used in many ways and it means many usages and concepts. It is used as a means of abolishing the time and place distance which separates between the learner and teacher compared with the traditional learning based on attendance face to face between the learner and teacher in a fixed place and time. It also means using certain technical means meaning this distance and abolishing the consequent results. Correspond once and radio teaching and the electronic learning and the open universities are all means for far distance learning . but all these kinds are different from each other and really represent stages of the development of far distance learning.

\end{abstract}


\keywords{traditional, universities, teaching, learning}

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\let\tabcellsep& 	 	 		 
\section[{Introduction}]{Introduction}\par
ar distance learning or training began at the end of the ninetieth century, exactly in 1840 and the begging of the twentieth century by means of postal correspondence. As means of far distance teaching and training developed in the middle of the twentieth centurs together with the technical progress and the use of video as a means of correspondence learning.\par
At the end of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty first century , the third phasa began which includes using the internet and the mobile in teaching as using the internet now in teaching is considered is a change and development equal to using the machine in the economical development in the fields of agriculture, industry and transport. And as it was very important for using the machine in the life of people it is expected that using the internet in the filed of learning ia not less than using the machine by its strength and effect . In 1971 the Open University was initiated in England which result in crediting and opining many open universities in many different countries and as the South African university is considered the biggest one in this filed as the number of its students using the far distance learning reached to 200000 students in 2000.\par
San Diego university in America defined electronic learning as a kind of official teaching where most of teaching and participating between parents take place as the student and the teacher are not in the same p0lace \hyperref[b0]{(1)}.\par
Electronic learning uses techniques produced by interknit and electronic learning can take place at many levels a according to the techniques used and the Author ? ? : Email : dr\textunderscore omar1978@yahoo.com , bilal\textunderscore 14879jo@yahoo.com simplest is that the teacher puts a fixed page on the interknit where the student can have a look for certain information or the teacher presents the scientific material in a from of electronic book on a C.D.\par
In this kind there is no communication between the student and the teacher or between the student and the other learners.\par
Using the technique produced by the internet can be developed so that the teacher can use many techniques like the conversation technique where the students and the teacher make live conversations around the subjects of the syllabus.\par
Means of electronic learning can develop from a form of materials being taught partially by the internet and can be a supporter to lectures following the traditional syllabus to a form of material taught completely by the internet without direct attendance for both the teacher and the student in educational operations face to face.\par
Electronic learning varies in most of universities and institutions in the world to include many levels of using internet techniques. 
\section[{II.}]{II.} 
\section[{Techniques used in learning}]{Techniques used in learning}\par
Most means of learning used universally in the far distance teaching discipline is one of the followings: Heard Tapes:\par
Which is tapes the teaching material is recorded on and it is a cheap means of teaching and it is easy to be carried and an active means as well especially when it is accompanied by printed books or booklets. 
\section[{Seen Tapes:}]{Seen Tapes:}\par
Educational video and cinema tapes scientific material is recorded on and they are usually heard and seen together.\par
It is more effective and more popular than the heard tapes if accompanied by a book or a booklet as a means of teaching. 
\section[{CDS:}]{CDS:}\par
It is a means using the computer CDS for learning.\par
It is a variable comprehensive means allowing for many teaching activities and developing different skills and allows chance for photographing reality by means of supposed imitation of reality. This means goes to where the learner is. 
\section[{Broadcast:}]{Broadcast:}\par
This means uses the heard broadcast for learning.\par
It is recognized for being cheap and ideal for many teaching actives and developing different skills and it allows chance for photographing reality by means at supposed imitation at reality Portable labs: Equipped cars with teaching means similar to scientific labs . this means goes to where the learning is. 
\section[{Broadcast:}]{Broadcast:}\par
This means uses the heard broadcast for learning . it is recognized for being cheap and ideal for many teaching situations . but it is not efficient for not being active for cooperating with the teacher when being cooperative it increases it efficiency , telephone calls can be used as a means at acting between the student and the teacher Television:\par
Television was used in teaching through common t. v.\par
Channels open to all or channels owned by educational establishments such as schools and universities through closed circles within these establishments. 
\section[{Far Distance Conferences:}]{Far Distance Conferences:}\par
This means uses electronic communication among a group of people spread at far geographical places.\par
This means can be used only for heard communication only or seen arid heard communication together.\par
This means uses equipment and program Wes and communication disciplines of high cost. 
\section[{E -Mail:}]{E -Mail:}\par
It is an electronic un contemporary means; which means:\par
Sending at a fixed time and the answer for that comes later.\par
By this, special files are sent to the students attached to the electronic message.\par
The student then sends their answers to the teacher at another time.\par
This means is effective in ineentiring the learning operation of the learner and also developing his writing and communication skills. 
\section[{The web Pages:}]{The web Pages:}\par
This means is used in handling the scientific material through internet either in handling parts of a certain syllabus or the course curriculum as a whole.\par
The Electronic Heard and seen autonomous conferences it is a communication means used video for acting between the student and the teacher at far distance geographical places either inside the country or among many countries through dual autonomous communication.\par
This discipline may be established by connecting one point to another for connecting two fixed places or at a basis of connecting many communication points where individuals in many places can hear and see others in many different other places. Correspondence learning:\par
It is a means depending on printed material sent by usual post or fax and usually doesn't need communicating by internet. 
\section[{III.}]{III.} 
\section[{The concept of electronic learning}]{The concept of electronic learning}\par
The concept relating with the electronic learning is various; tome of which need clarification and some need correction.\par
Many names are related to electronic learning, they need clarification as well.\par
These various concepts and names related to electro ic learning go back may be to the modernity of this kinds of learning disciplines and mostly to the traditional discipline.\par
So it requires to clarify these concepts and names so those haring relation with this field to know them perfectly, either if he was a student studying curriculums through internet or a teacher wants to invest this discipline in the process of teaching or a manager in educational establishments willing to apply this discipline.\par
Mixing among electronic learning, far distance learning and the open universities:\par
Many mix among electronic learning, far distance learning and open universities and consider them as one kind.\par
But really there are basic differences among these kinds although they have one common qualification which is that the learning process takes place in two separated time and space.\par
Electronic learning is a kind of far distance learning using the net of the internet, the tools and programmers connected with it, and it is qualified by its continuity and never stopping among students themselves on one side and the teacher on the other side.\par
It is marked also by forming educational society and giving the student a bigger chance in the learning process.\par
On the other hand, far distance learning in its general shape, it uses many techniques such as television conferences technique and others But which is not mostly different from traditional learning concerning the philosophy and the bases of credited learning. The techniques of the electronic learning and the bases for choosing them:\par
The electronic learning is divided into there kinds according to the techniques used:\par
The first kind which is called the internet curriculum where the materials of the syllabus are put on site on the internet and the students can enter to the educational site at any time during the study course and from any place qualified with communication through the internet this kinds allows big numbers of students to be recruited in the course from within the educational establishment or from outside and there can be some lectures.\par
This kind is marked by its little or non-acting between the students on one side and the teacher of the course on the other side because of the great number of students. Advanced and various techniques are used.\par
2-as for the second kind called curriculum provided with internet.\par
This kind is similar to the first but different in mixing between teaching through direct relation -face to face-between the student and the tutor through lectures using internet so that students can enter to the educational site at any time during the course and from any place provided with communication through internet.\par
This kind is marked by acting between the students on one side and the tutor of the course on the other side.\par
Many and advanced complicated techniques are used \hyperref[b1]{(2)}.\par
As for the third kind which is called a focused internet course.\par
It is similar to the second kind, but different by focusing all the things related to the course wholly on a certain site on the internet and being also focused completely on acting among the students themselves and between them and the tutor, with no need for lectures or the attendance of the students face to face with the teacher.\par
Advanced and complicated techniques are used \hyperref[b2]{(3)}.\par
Educational technique is defined as a mixture of tools and learning methods the educational development principles and teaching methods aiming at solving educational problems \hyperref[b3]{(4)}.\par
In spite of the importance of the various developed techniques used in far distance learning discipline, they are not more than tools.\par
Choosing the appropriate technique is the basic cause for the success of electronic learning operation.\par
So, choosing the right tool which suits the student, course and the teacher is essential.\par
Various studies and experiments have shown that basic rules are helpful in choosing the appropriate technique for every one as a student, course and the teacher. 
\section[{Rule 1:}]{Rule 1:}\par
It is important to take into consideration the nature of the scientific material in choosing the technique and it is not necessary that all the contents of the course are available on the site of internet because the nature of the material may suppose using the printed book and using the internet in the communication and acting with the student and exchanging the duties. 
\section[{Rule2 :}]{Rule2 :}\par
Studies carried in this field have shoun that the student being able to get technique is a fundamental case should be taken into consideration.\par
Getting the technique means that the student have a computer, certain programmers and communication with internet. 
\section[{Rule3:}]{Rule3:}\par
The enthusiasm of the teacher to use several techniques may be confusing for him and his students.\par
So the teacher should be practical in choosing the technique because teaching any course by the electronic learning method takes a long time compared with the traditional one. 
\section[{Rule 4:}]{Rule 4:}\par
It is important to be sure that the required technique is suitable to the students abilities in the course because used programmers may represent a new thing for them and fined difficulty in treating with it and may make students make evaluation for cooperation and participation in what they are required to do. 
\section[{Rule 5:}]{Rule 5:}\par
Putting plans including alternatives for the techniques used.\par
The tutor may find some students -if not most of them-active participants in the learning process.\par
He may find that the technique used is suitable for the course being taught, but the student may find that sometime his time doesn't allow him to participate at a certain time should be put for such students. 
\section[{Rule 6:}]{Rule 6:}\par
One of the important rules in choosing the appropriate technique is that the teacher himself should be able to use it easily. 
\section[{IV.}]{IV.} 
\section[{Conclusions}]{Conclusions}\par
It can be concluded that the outcome of these rules related to choosing the various electronic It should be also assured that the technique it self is not but a tool and not a goal.\par
The benefit of a technique cannot be realized without the ability of who stands behind it making it capable of making success of the educational process, successful teaching is successful teaching either it was traditional or electronic teaching in the same way bad teaching is especially if was electronic \hyperref[b4]{(5)}.\par
To construct the fundamental elements requires decisions taken by the managers of the educational establishment related to many things: for example for those who are responsible for teaching, the establishment should have knowledge of their preparations and their training needs as well as the policies followed for incentiving them to enter to this field.\par
The out come of the above presented is that choosing the technique should be as a result of comprehensive plan knowing no with drawls.\par
The absence of a comprehensive plan costs the establishment a lot of money and it may create a situation where instructors resist the electronic teaching, the plan should insure the educational goals when choosing the technique.\par
Looking at it as a tool for achieving educational goals and not looked at only for its availability. Some techniques are alluring for the student and the teach, especially in conversation programmers.\begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{}\includegraphics[]{image-2.png}
\caption{\label{fig_0}F}\end{figure}
   			\footnote{July© 2011 Global Journals Inc. (US)} 			\footnote{July© 2011 Global Journals Inc. (US)} 			\footnote{techniques at aiming at getting sure in realizing the use July} 			\footnote{© 2011 Global Journals Inc. (US) , July} 		 		\backmatter  			  				\begin{bibitemlist}{1}
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